Franz Benninger
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Forschung - Publikationsliste

Publikationsliste nach Themen gereiht (zur Übersicht):

Nach ICD-10 (WHO):

F40 - F48 

Neurotische, Belastungs und somatoforme Störungen

Zwangssstörungen: 

Acta Psychiatr Scand 2002 Aug;106(2):97-102 
Classification of obsessive-compulsive disorder in childhood and adolescence.
Steinberger K, Schuch B.

OBJECTIVE: In child and adolescent psychiatry the validation of the diagnosis
must be seen in the context of development. Comparing different diagnostic
formulations DSM-IV and ICD-10-DCR in a clinical sample of children and
adolescents suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and their
validation on external criteria represent such a heuristic approach. METHOD: We
investigated 61 children seen consecutively in a specialized out-patient clinic
for OCD. All of them were assessed by the International Diagnostic Checklists
(IDCL). Diagnosis and diagnostic certainty were validated regarding age, age of
onset and duration of illness. RESULTS: The agreement between the two diagnostic
systems was low. The diagnostic stability of ICD-10-DCR was highly dependent on
age, whereas that of the criteria DSM-IV did not depend on age and almost all
subjects could be diagnosed definitely. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the
DSM-IV criteria are superior to that of ICD-10-DCR for diagnosing OCD in
children and younger adolescents.
 

Posttraumatische Belastungsstörung

Journal of Nervous and Mental Disseases 2003 Dec;191(12):781-8. 

Pathways to dissociation: intrafamilial versus extrafamilial trauma in juvenile delinquents.
Plattner B, Silvermann MA, Redlich AD, Carrion VG, Feucht M, Friedrich MH, Steiner H.

Dissociation is postulated to occur as a function of particular types of child abuse or chronic abuse. Additionally, there is an ongoing controversy examining the perpetrator's relationship to the victim in the development of dissociation. In this study, reports of traumatic events experienced both in the family environment and in the community were used to examine the relationship between dissociative disorder as defined by DSM-IV (pathological dissociation), and dissociation as a defense mechanism. The first objective was to identify whether the site of the trauma or the quantity of trauma correlated more significantly with symptoms of dissociation. The second objective was to explore a potential correlation between topics that participants choose to disclose during a standardized Stress Inducing Speech Task (SIST), and symptoms of dissociation. The third objective was to examine the relationship between the age of occurrence, the duration of trauma, and symptoms of dissociation. Fifty-two delinquent juveniles completed measures (including the SCID-D, REM-71, CTQ, CTI, SIST) assessing traumatic experiences, psychopathological dissociation, and dissociation as defense mechanism. Blind raters scored the SIST for intrafamilial and extrafamilial trauma. The perpetrator's relationship to the victim, site of the trauma, quantity of the trauma, age of occurrence, and duration of the trauma were analyzed by descriptive statistics and Pearson partial correlations. Significant correlations were found between symptoms of pathological dissociation and intrafamilial trauma. Significant correlations were not found between extrafamilial trauma and pathological dissociation and dissociation as defense mechanism. All these correlations held constant the chronicity of traumas reported. The results obtained in this study through blind and independent assessment suggest that special trauma characteristics (i.e., childhood trauma perpetrated by a family member) rather than sheer cumulative effects of trauma may have greater implications for the development of pathological dissociation. The relationships to dissociation as a defense were much weaker.

Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2003 Apr; 12(2):231-49

Dissociative symptoms in posttraumatic stress disorder: diagnosis and treatment.

Steiner H, Carrion V, Plattner B, Koopman C.

This article explores the complex relationship between dissociation and

psychiatric trauma. Dissociation is described as a defense reaction, a risk

factor for the development of posttraumatic stress disorder, and as a set of

syndromal disturbances. The authors discuss various models proposed for the

relationship between these. They outline developmental considerations in

diagnosis and treatment and end by discussing further needed research.

Wien Med Wochenschr. 2003;153(23-24):526-9. 
Psychopathologische Defizite nach Polytrauma im Kindes- und Jugendalter
Thomas Nau, Susanne Ohmann, Eveline Ernst, Silke Aldrian, Manfred Greitbauer, Vilmos Vecsei

Das Ziel dieses Erfahrungsberichtes war es, psychopathologische Auffälligkeiten nach Polytrauma im Kindes- und Jugendalter zu evaluieren und psychologisch- vulnerable Phasen im Behandlungsverlauf zu erfassen.
Methodik: Im Beobachtungszeitraum 9/92 bis 12/98 wurden 41 polytraumatisierte Kinder und Jugendliche an der Universitätsklinik für Unfallchirurgie Wien behandelt, von denen 28 PatientInnen überlebten. Nach Ausschluss Schädel-Hirn-Traumatisierter, sowie von PatientInnen mit angeborenen neurologischen Störungen wurden 10 Kinder und Jugendliche nach durchschnittlich 3,4a (min.1a, max.7a) einer klinisch-psychologischen Untersuchung unterzogen. Neben der Katamnese wurden diagnostische Interviews zur Erfassung etwaiger psychiatrischer Symptomatik (DIPS und SKID) durchgeführt, weiters wurden kognitive Funktionen (Informationsverarbeitungsgeschwindigkeit, Untersuchung der exekutiven Funktion), Persönlichkeitsfaktoren, Angstbereitschaft sowie Stressverarbeitung gemessen.
Resultate: Die diagnostischen Interviews zeigten lediglich bei 2/10 Patienten eine milde psychiatrische Symptomatik, die kognitiven Funktionen waren verglichen mit einer Normalpopulation unauffällig. Die Persönlichkeitstests zeigten bei 2/10 Patienten Stressvermeidungsstrategien und erhöhte Angstbereitschaft. Die katamnestische Erhebung zeigte bei allen Patienten zwei kritische Phasen, einerseits die Transferierung von der Intensivstation auf die Normalstation, andererseits der Übergang in das häusliche Umfeld nach einem langen Spitalsaufenthalt.
Diskussion und Schlussfolgerung: Dieser Erfahrungsbericht an einem kleinem Kollektiv zeigt, dass nach schwerem Trauma im Kindes- und Jugendalter langfristig das psychologische Outcome zufriedenstellend und die Rate der posttraumatischen Belastungsstörungen gering zu sein scheint. Die festgestellten kritischen Phasen weisen darauf hin, dass die psychologische Betreuung des schwer verletzten Kindes und Jugendlichen bereits frühzeitig auf der Intensivstation erfolgen sollte.

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