Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
Depending on the size, the defect is closed directly with a suture or with a patch as part of an operation on the heart-lung machine. The timing of the operation essentially depends on the child's development. This operation can be performed safely from infancy.
In contrast to ASD, plastic membranes are usually used as patch material to close a ventricular septal defect. The heart covers the defect with its own tissue within a short period of time. There is no need to fear anything like a rejection reaction. Alternatively, in selected patients, both perimembranous and muscular defects can be closed by implanting an umbrella via cardiac catheterisation. In infants, this may be performed as a hybrid procedure together with the surgeon.